Wednesday, September 9, 2026

Web Log for 9.6-8.26

I didn't spend most of these days online and the computer is showing that youall didn't either. We will have a Butterfly of the Week, though, and a Petfinder Post. 

Animals

Your daily cuteness overload. 


(I hope being shorn doesn't feel like an Alpacalypse to them...if the weather stays warm long-haired animals seem to like a haircut. Anyway, all that gorgeous, undyed, colored, fluffy yarn! Lens says the words were first added to the photo on Pinterest, and that on Reddit someone replied with a photo of llamas marked LLAMAGEDDON.)

Cartoons 

Like, one thing leads to the other...


From Dr. Malone's Substack. Lens traces the cartoon to Instagram but makes no guarantees that it was original when posted there.

For those who are not testerical young men and would like to break the let's-go-outside-and-fight thought cycle, this web site continues to attempt to cite Canadian content and give uneducated US residents a general sense of where e.g. Saskatchewan is, relative to e.g. New Brunswick, on a map. International cooperation and empathy are appreciated.

For young men, this web site observes that, of the two toons, the clean-shaven Canadian looks much better than the messy-faced bloke disgracing our flag, because as a general principle a man can look good with a full beard or no beard, but even a man we know and love cannot look his best with a three-day beard. Yes, men with certain kinds of ancestors are likely to have only a three-day beard if they let the mess alienate potential friends all winter long. Deal with it. (A phrase which, in this context, means "shave it.") Little or no facial hair is part of the Native American mystique.

Funding 

The basic problem is that decent people expect other people will be able to earn money all by themselves, whereas horrible people are in the habit of handing out money every time the daughters of the horseleech cry "give." (Whom do I mean by "daughters of the horseleech," someone asks in a place where they don't read the Old Testament much. According to the Book of Proverbs "The horseleech has two daughters, crying 'Give! Give!'" That's all we're told, though meditation on this proverb has led Americans to identify the horseleech with tax-and-spend politicians.)


We all know $42,000 is not going to pay for a lot of time in the burn unit at Johns Hopkins. So why didn't people shell out for Hero Mom the way they did for Mad Murderous Mom? 

The graphic comes from the Mirror. Lens says it's viral, but the photo of Hero Mom Emma Schols can be traced to Facebook, 2019, when the fire happened--in Sweden. Lens says her story has been documented. One thing Ms. Schols forgot to do was be in the United States, a big boost for fundraising sites.

Otherwise? Meh. Long black hair has a special appeal for men. Long blonde and red hair have, too, in different ways. Clancy's hair is not black but can look as if it were in digital photos; it certainly is long. Maybe Emma Schols needed a wig. 

People.

Music 

Tom Petty. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZm-qe4-EfY (Shared at the Meow, dedicated to kittens.)

Anna Calvi.


Matthew Halsall.



Joan As Police Woman.


Ludovico Einaudi.


Teddy Thompson.


Dolly Parton.


Florian Christl.


Mid Mod Music.


Jerry Lee Lewis.


Neil Young.


Newsboys.


Henry Mancini.


Probably the computer of "Meta Ronin" on Substack, with a song about Substackers' attempt to evolve a slang of their own, as Twitter did...Some language in the song is rude.


Traffic.


John Prine.


The Kingsmen.


Loretta Lynn.


The Sonics.



Names 

Some people have risen to the challenge of living with names like Clive Staples Lewis, Revilo Pendleton Oliver, Campbell Bascom Slemp, Hermione Ferdinanda Gingold, or Spiro Agnew. 

(You may have heard that Spiro changed his name; I heard that, too, but according to Wikipedia that was his father, Theophrastos Anagnostopoulos, who changed his name to Theodore Agnew and named his son Spiro Theodore Agnew. The first name means "I breathe" in Latin and is said to be a short form of Spiridon in Greek. The future Vice-President sometimes answered to "Ted" in youth but kept his odd given name as apparently his only tie with his ethnic-minority culture. In all other ways Spiro Agnew was remembered as a conformist's conformist, a 1950s "square" squared, a TV watcher before it was cool who liked Mantovani, Lawrence Welk, the Baltimore Colts, and Readers Digest--and didn't like baby-boomers.) 

Some people have been able to tweak names like Alisa Rosenbaum, Paul Harvey Aurandt, or Helen Mironoff into things the average American can pronounce--Ayn Rand, Paul Harvey, Helen Mirren. Then there are people who just collapse under their names...Richard Leroy Trickle coped, but Randon Sprinkle totally flaked out, letting himself be caught distributing what appeared to be child pornography. Whether actual children were harmed, or plagiarism-ware was  used, was unreported. 

Sprinkle was, of course, a Democratic Socialist. At least that may help him survive prison.

Pictures 

Someone e-mailed that her husband thought a drawing of a person sitting in a field, apparently conversing with crows, looked creepy. Everyone has different associations to pictures, but seriously?


Google traced this one to The Dodo.


This one came from Reddit.


This one was posted by the University of Washington; I think Pbird may have met the man. 

There's nothing creepy about the fact that some humans like and befriend crows. Some people even like and befriend vultures, the black species of which are often confused with crows. If you slowly and patiently share food with an animal, it will probably start to like you. 

There are different kinds and levels of affection for animals, as there are for humans. Crows don't have to like everyone whose attention they call either to good news, like food, or bad news, like something recently killed beside the road. They simply want other animals to break open the box of food that fell off the truck, or skin the dead animal, so they can get a bit of what the other animals leave. Crows and ravens have not generally been treated well by humans. Most of them don't like any of us. However, a few crows and ravens do bond with humans. They know one person from another and recognize friends (and enemies). They have been known to give humans shiny trinkets such as they like to play with, which have included keys and coins. They have brought food to human friends and guided hunters to game. 

They have also guided other predators...to join the hunt, thinking that, the more bigger, stronger predators are stalking one deer, the sooner the crows get a few bites of raw venison? Or in hopes of killing the hunters, who may have been conveniences rather than friends to the crows all along? Or in the belief that wolves and bears aren't usually interested in human meat when they can get deer, which is usually true, so why not watch them fight over the prey and let the best predator win. Who knows? Crows and ravens can learn to say words in human languages, even with some understanding--but we'll probably never really understand crows.

Crows also harass and may even bite people they have special reasons to dislike.The problem with making pets of crows is that, as Jean George described in a poignant novel, a crow who bonds with one human is likely to have lost its crow family--possibly to other humans, possibly to one of its human's friends and relatives. What happens if your crow knows you are its friend, knows your brother killed its brother, and so, when your brother visits, your crow goes for his eyes?

The corvid family of birds love fresh meat (unlike vultures, they can't eat rotting meat) but aren't built to be able to tear into a freshly killed animal unless someone with fangs or a knife removes the skin. So there is a reason why they're associated with death. If you think a wounded rabbit dead beside the road is bad news, the probability is high that a lone crow flapping, squawking, and calling to you beside the road is bringing you bad news. But they are natural animals, not spirits come to lead anyone to the grave. 

Poem 

Graybelle wasn't that bad--I suppose because she'd never actually lived with Her Human. Graybelle was the cat heir to a big house on a big farm on a big hill. When her mother's human died, Graybelle's mother disappeared into the woods. After chickens were restored to the farm by those remodelling it, and scraps of lunch were left out for the chickens, Graybelle and her sister started coming back to the house. The remodelling crew all set out food for "our ghost cat" or "our mythical cat"--cats, as it turned out--but Graybelle let herself be seen first by the big, loud bulldozer man, miffing the catpeople on the crew. (Possibly because he lived with a tomcat.) She only ever bonded with him. She and her sister allowed the rest of us to see them when he presented us to them--by ones. Both allowed me to touch them after a week or two; Graybelle moved away when she'd had enough, her sister bit, so we decided Graybelle had to be rescued and the sister left to her fate. I asked Graybelle, "Would you like to come home with me?" She jumped away. She was at her home, she nonverbally said. Poor kitty. Her chosen human said, "Will she sit in the truck with me?" She would, and he drove the truck to the Cat Sanctuary. And there Graybelle loyally stayed. And on days when I'd been on that job and ridden home in the bulldozer man's truck, she snuggled. She just kept putting her fore paws on my leg to be picked up, and after a few months I noticd that her fore paws weren't even reaching up to my belt any more, but up to my..bra band?! Graybelle was growing up to be one of those ancestral-size Manx cats. She was still a hollow-boned growing kitten but she looked, from a distance, like the atypical gray bobcats in the local nature park. She clearly thought I, and the Cat Sanctuary, and even the hill on which it sits, were small emergency backups for her human and her home. She was a nice, polite, patient cat but she never loved me.


Politics 

Cruz, Rubio, or Vance in 2028? I'm not happy about that line-up, frankly. Not because they're all used to being the smartest man in the room. Not because, even so, they lack Trump's peculiar extrovert genius--there will never be another Trump, and in 2028 he'll be too old to run, thank goodness, and people will just have to deal with that. Because I don't feel old enough to vote for a presidential candidate who is younger than I am. 

When there's a choice among qualified candidates, and I'm not voting on a single issue, which I probably still will be doing--anyway, assuming I consider the candidates qualified, my preference is to line'm up on the ticket by age, oldest first, on the premise that the younger ones are more likely to have a chance next time. There is a slight problem with this. The problem is not that all the likely Republican presidential candidates for 2028 are close enough to the same age that lining them up by birthdays is a technicality. (However they look, Cruz is only one year older than Rubio and DeSantis is actually younger.) The problem is that Cruz is the oldest and, on another technicality, he's ineligible to be President. Trump offered, but Canada doesn't want to be a State and, until it is one, we can't have a President Cruz. 

Trump is too old. Carson is too old. Ron Paul is too old. Rand Paul is the right age to be President but has failed, even as a US Senator, to become presidential. Rubio, DeSantis, and Vance are old enough to preside over a younger nation but, to a critical mass of US citizens, they're children. As Cruz's gray beard shows, this is not a matter of actual age. It's a matter of having grown up with television. 

I think we should probably move beyond the tendency to look at men as presidential candidates, in nay case. Conservatives desperately need to appeal to women voters. We can't advocate censorship for the morons squawking that the existence of Lindsay Clancy's supporters proves that women shouldn't be allowed to vote. But we can demonstrate distance from them by nominating and backing women candidates. 

Never mind that the charges of anything worse than ordinary adultery against Trump are about as credible as a three-dollar bill. Never mind that, when we sorted through the whining to find the facts in what Congressman Massie's ex-girlfriend said about him, she said he was a lousy lay but he was still the decent ethical young man she called on to protect her from the guy who really was a creepy stalker. Any male can be accused of sexual misconduct and there will be a high probabillity that he's guilty of some form of it. Never mind that, actually, a lot more men are guilty of not listening and not doing their household chores than are guilty of even ordinary adultery. They are male. Therefore there is a 99% chance that somewhere there is a woman they've mistreated in one way or another. They should get out of politics and go home and clean the bathroom floor.

Marsha Blackburn, Deb Fischer, and Susan Collins have senatorial experience. Young Oak Kim, who isn't really young but looks as if she might be, has congressional experience. Condoleezza Rice has experience, and class, but probably wouldn't run. Tulsi Gabbard was serious presidential timber, but doesn't have to go back to work by 2028. Kelly Loeffler and Linda McMahon have Cabinet experience. Sarah Huckabee Sanders, Kay Ivey, and Kim Reynolds have experience as Governors. We should be looking harder at qualified women candidates...who were born before 1970.


Scams 

Familiar scam moved from writing sites to social media to Substack...Robert Reich joins Elon Musk and Mel Gibson as people scammers impersonate in pleas for private chat, usually using newer and less secure sites, asking for bank information. He should at least feel flattered. Reich is one D who knows that criticizing and questioning the Federal Reserve has nothing to do with hating Jews, is in fact something some Jews, including Reich, have been willing to do, and this demonstration of simple clearheadedness has won him friends Left and Right. He has enough credibility that creeps are trying to capitalize on it.

"
It has come to my attention that scammers are continuing to impersonate me online, preying on people in the comments of my posts here on Substack. Apparently, the fraudsters create fake profiles and suggest that the conversation move to a different messaging platform, such as Signal. And they use generative AI to craft very convincing text messages. Please know I will never ask you to chat back and forth with me in a one-on-one, personal capacity
"

Just because we would...I didn't like Bill Clinton and, for that reason, I still feel sympathy and good will for many of his staff. The King of Tacky used staff like toilet paper. Though it worked for them in the long run--the ones still looking for jobs did seem to get good jobs.

See the Blogroll

This web site's reading list is not updating this morning. I hope this is temporary--that errors in the reading list are being repaired, so that it shows all new posts in chronological order again.

Meanwhile, here are the latest posts at each blog I follow via Blogspot, if the latest post was posted during the year 2026. (What a lot of blogs have gone inactive and are lingering on the reading list in the hope that they will become active again.)

https://alicewalkersgarden.com/ (There's an obituary post for Gloria Steinem, but it doesn't seem to  have been indexed by date yet.)











https://howtomeowinyiddish.blogspot.com/2026/09/just-note-from-ralph-himself.html (Chapter from volume 4 of an ongoing story series. The best memes and music links will appear in the comments over the day.)











https://www.michaelmoore.com/p/live-with-michael-moore-his-first (No, the blogroll hasn't been displaying his posts properly lately. With non-Blogspot blogs the default assumption is that Blogspot fails to catch their posts, rather than that anyone's censoring any views.)





https://ntlconsulting.blogspot.com/ (Last updated in March.)



https://problogger.com/jobs/ (The blog section hasn't been updated in this calendar year and was recycling/updating old posts before 2020, but the jobs section was updated...in August, two whole jobs, no doubt two thousand applications.)

https://publiushuldah.wordpress.com/2024/01/30/help-google-has-locked-me-out-of-my-gmail-account/ (I think something fishy is going on with this site. I've seen content from her in this year but the last post showing at the site, today, is from 2024. She's not an agitator; she's a clearheaded constitutional scholar who warned me about the hazards of something I was about to support, in July. So lemmecheck...Gmail opened for me. I've only ever used it for Quora, and don't often use Quora. I deleted a Quora query of no interest to me; no problem. Gmail then asked me to add a recovery e-mail address, which seemed reasonable given that the original one I used was held up for ransom by Yahoo in 2020. I started to add one. Gmail asked for the password. I didn't remember the password. I don't know whether Gmail will work for me again. Nor do I know whether the reason why it worked for me is simply that I was signed into Google. Wordpress is a whole different kettle of worms.)

















https://theviewfromladylake.blogspot.com/2026/09/winding-down-time.html (There's a more recent post; its title uses a phrase this site doesn't use. It's not a bad post. It has the original "Happiness is a warm puppy" cartoon in it.)






https://dsnake1.blogspot.com/ (Warning: There may still be some problems with Blogspots updated from Singapore. I trust Dsnake1 but I have observed assorted cybernasties interfering with his blog. Like today.)

https://vincestaten.blogspot.com/ (Top post still features an old drawing of Dolly Parton with what may have been her own, fair but no longer truly blonde, hair in a beehive. Linked here before.)


Tuesday, September 8, 2026

Petfinder Post: Chowchows and Domestic Short Hair

Next on the list of dog breeds that bother the Buttinskis of Britain is the Chowchow, often shortened to Chow, a breed of Chinese origin whose popularity peaked a few generations ago in the US. One reason may be that in the US "chowchow" also refers to a kind of seasoning sauce made of mixed pickled vegetables. Not everyone likes the relish and not everyone likes the dogs. 

The American Chowchow is a sort of Spitz-type dog bred to be mostly a watchdog. It is sturdy and chunky and solid, standing 17 to 20 inches high at the shoulder and weighing 45 to 70 pounds. There are fluffy-coated and smooth-coated types. Their life expectancy is 8 to 12 years. They are notoriously clean dogs, said to be as fastidious as cats, with little odor. They are known for having aloof, "dignified," "refined" personalities. 

Eye and thyroid disorders run in some Chowchow bloodlines. While responsible breeders work to screen out these genes, and the genetic joint disorders found in many pedigreed dog breeds, those who really want people not to be able to own dogs scream that it would be better just to let this breed go extinct. 

Even the short-haired Chows have dense coats and need a lot of grooming. The heavy lion-like section of fur around the head can become messy--and these dogs haaate when their coats smell bad and attract parasites, but what can they do? Humans have to clean their "beards" and "manes." 

Chows don't tolerate heat and humidity well, but they do need daily exercise. They can thrive in urban conditions as long as they are walked regularly. Living with lazy humans, they can become lazy too, become obese, and develop expensive, nasty diseases like diabetes. 

Typically intelligent but stubborn, this breed can be hard to train. They need patience and kindness. They are tough and strong, and should not be antagonized. They are valued as watchdogs--"nobody's going to break in and throw THIS dog a treat while he robs our house" is a claim people make. Even a Chow breeder coyly admits that while their male dogs usually take everything into consideration before they attack a potential threat, the females tend to "bite first and ask questions later." I understand that this breed description may be tempting to people who want to rid their homes of annoying relatives and Jehovah's Witnesses, but it can also perturb lawsuit-phobic landlords...If your property is surrounded by a fence with signs warning that your dog may bite, then in most states neither relatives nor Jehovah's Witnesses can sue. Your homeowners' insurance may still rise, because "dangerous dogs" have been known to bite "licensees" such as mail carriers who have some right to approach your home, and insurance companies will never let an excuse to demand more money go to waste. 

Socialists really, really don't like the idea of anyone having a right to protect their property. For people who don't think voting against Socialists is enough, owning a watchdog who won't be disarmed by petting or treats may be an appealing idea. But do consider how you plan to protect your friends' toddlers from a Very Serious Watchdog.

As family pets Chows rate four stars, having neither outstandingly good nor outstandingly bad records. They do recognize their humans' children, and they can be "fluffy teddy bears" for their humans' families. They're not known for having much sense of play or humor, though, and may teach children their boundaries the hard way. They don't have much patience for more playful dogs. They tend to be, to put it charitably, very dominant over other pets. They can learn to coexist with cats, but don't naturally like cats; they are one of the breeds known to kill and eat cats. In fact, since most Chows see themselves as leaders, they can be dominant even with their owners. 

Finally, because they're smart and stubborn and loyal and loving, Chows can be hard to adopt. They don't accept right away that they've been sold, or even "adopted." You probably want to spend some time getting acquainted before you adopt one. If it accepts you as its master, it may be a wonderful pet; if not, you may be sorry you brought it home.

In fact, if you adopt a Chow (or any Spitz-type dog) and love it, you may be tagged by the organization as a Spitzperson and begged at least to foster any other Spitzen who come to the shelter. Some people are delighted with this aspect of being Spitzfolk. You might want to give it a second thought.  

So Chows are definitely not for everyone. There are still a few of them in the United States, however, and occasionally dogs with some Chow ancestry can be found in shelters. For those who don't want these dogs to languish in shelters, here are links to what Petfinder currently shows as Chowchows and crossbreeds. Since most of these dogs are crossbreeds, our cat photo contest will focus on Domestic Short Hair cats.

Zipcode 10101: Nash from the Mexican Border by way of Scarsdale 


Real Chows have blue-black tongues, and see that tongue! He's just a spring puppy, so it's hard to be sure, but they think his other ancestors were short-haired terriers and his weight will stay at the low end of the "medium" range (26-60 pounds). 

George from NYC 


Just another spring kitten whose mother's humans were too lazy or cheap or ignorant to have her spayed. It's one thing to want kittens; it's another thing to let unwanted kittens happen. Anyway, he's a lovable little fellow who needs a good home with another bouncy-pouncy kitten, and at least one good-sized room where shelves are for climbing on and furniture is for hiding behind. 

Zipcode 20202: Sunny from Texas by way of Bethesda


He's from Texas too, but he has a ruff. Four years old, 65 pounds, Sunny loves children, other dogs, riding in the car, and playing in snow whenever he's had the chance. He does have a playful side. He likes long walks. He is absolutely not recommended to homes with cats.

Cookie from Fredericksburg 


This pretty Tortie would prefer (they think) to be adopted together with her solid black buddy, Pepper. She's already been scheduled for spaying in the next few days. She's just another kitten...stop me before I rant again.

Zipcode 30303: Ramen Noodle from Houston by way of Atlanta 


At 49 pounds, thought to be about 7 years old, Ramen Noodle was found wandering on the streets of Houston's Chinatown. He's available for adoption in New York, DC, or Atlanta actually, and in other places, through various "partner organizations." If adopted by people based in Atlanta he's eligible for a discount with a dog trainer there. He has behaved well when exposed to other dogs and children. He's not been exposed to cats.

Cheeky from Atlanta


What does it mean when a cat seems to be purring with delight, then hisses in warning? There are several possibilities. Cats can sustain brain damage from illness, anesthesia, medication, etc., so one possibility might be hallucinations. More likely, though, especially with a diluted orange cat, she's saying "Oh yes, scratch there, rub there--er, NOT there." Anyone who's ever wanted to leap up off a massage table and bolt, towel and oil and all, can relate. The organization are convinced that people who get to know this quirky little cat will love her. So much so, that they'll pay you to be her foster human for up to two months. If you want to adopt her, just save the money! Fostering means you agree to let other people meet and possibly adopt the cat--to forestall that, you'd simply pay the fee and adopt her yourself. 

Bonus Dog: Dallas from Johnson City (Tennessee) 


Taken in as a potentially dangerous stray, Dallas is an older dog who might have outlived his human. He has no criminal record but he needs a good home, from which he will not be allowed to stray on the streets.  

Bonus Kittens: Latte & Cappuccino from Johnson City 


Either they didn't set up a web page for Cappuccino, or someone has already adopted Cappuccino. The web page is all about Latte, but then it says she needs to be adopted with Cappuccino, but then they give no information at all about Cappuccino. Anyway isn't that a pretty diluted Tortie face?

Butterfly of the Week: Broad-Banded Swallowtail

This week's butterfly, Heraclides astyalus, is well enough known to have an English name: the Broad-Banded Swallowtail. It also has a Spanish name, limonera chica, the Little Lemon/Lime Dealer. North Americans don't usually see it as a small butterfly--we're more likely to mistake it for our "Giant" Swallowtail, if we see it at all--but some of the Heraclides species are bigger. Its wingspread is typically four inches or more--sometimes closer to five inches (12cm). When the wings are spread wide they often show what look like the shadow outline of a smaller, plainer set of wings. Some of its many local nicknames identify it as a smaller relative of H. thoas.


Male drinking buddies at a puddle. Photo Par Peterwchen — Travail personnel, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=99803405 .

This species has been given many names. Apart from having been reclassified from the genus Papilio to the genus Heraclides, individuals have been recorded as species lycophron, mentor, pirithous, oebalus, drepanon, pallas, hozaus,theophron, iraidan, taini, and phanias, most of which names are now considered synonyms. Astyalus or Astyalos, the literary character scientists are currently agreeing to commemorate in this species' name, was a Trojan soldier in the Iliad.


Dark female photographed at the Ultimate Noah's Ark site, whose "Butterflies of Brazil" page is too good to miss, despite some errors in translation: http://www.aultimaarcadenoe.com.br/butterflies-of-brazil/

While some populations may be endangered, the species as a whole is too widely distributed to appear to be in much danger. It can occasionally even become a nuisance, though it seldom does. It can adapt to suburban living conditions; it's found in South American cities.


The band of spots across the underside of the hind wings is "diagnostic" for identifying this species and subspecies. Photo from Gagea on Wikipedia.

As with other Swallowtails, colors can vary. Females can look black or blackish above. Males usually have a broad band of yellow across their upper wings, with borders of black or dark brown; sometimes they are almost all yellow, above and below. 


Yellow male from Paraguay photographed  by Paul Smith, in April, for Faunaparaguay.com.

Males typically have longer "swallow tails" on their hind wings than females have. Males' bodies are usually black above and yellow on the sides; females' are black. Underwings are yellow with black or dark brown markings.


Photo at Ecency.com.

Dark females can fade and look gray, like the Red-Bodied Swallowtails.


Photo by David Sala.

Hind wings have scalloped edges and can look fringed.


Photo by Katia Santos. Though some other subspecies are more likely to have "strongly dentate" hind wings, this individual has been identified as H.a. astyalus.


In some lights they can even be seen as "buff and cream," and some specimens have faded to that color combination. Photo from Panamabiota.org.


Map of the sources of photos for this species in GBIF's huge gallery. Texas to Baja to Peru to Brazil to Trinidad and all points between.

It flies in South America, near the equator. Much of what's been published about these butterflies is written in Spanish or Portuguese. However, the butterflies sometimes visit the Southwestern States and Caribbean islands, and as they catch the eye wherever they go, documents about them are also written in French, German, Dutch, and English. While scientific literature has traditionally been written in a style that sounds awkward in English, this was done to make translation easy; computer translation software is more reliable in translating science documents than in translating most other things.

Heraclides astyalus has also been confused with Byasa alcinous; there is some resemblance. Byasa alcinous has a red body and, typically, black wings, but the wings can fade, become translucent, and admit enough bright sunlight that it can look yellow in the sun. To reduce confusion, instead of placing photos side by side for comparison this web site will direct everyone to our study of Byasa alcinous:


Like the Asian Red-Bodied Swallowtails, which include the genus Byasa, Heraclides astyalus are large and can move their fore and hind wings separately. But they're not red-bodied.


Photo by Lela Cappelli, Brazil.

H. astyalus can easily be confused with H. thoas and H. androgeus, which fly in the same countries.It has been suspected of hybridizing with H. torquatus and producing offspring that have been identified as a separate speries, H. garleppi, which does not appear on most lists. 

This butterfly's habitat does not really have winter, and the butterflies can fly at any time of year, but they are most active in June and July. Another period of high activity occurs in October, suggesting that there may be two main generations each year.

Videos of these butterflies are available free of charge as meditation and relaxation aids. Here they're the next to largest butterflies in a group of drinking buddies that include other Heraclides, some Eurytides, Clearwings, Sulphurs, and other smaller species in Bolivia. If this long slow-motion video doesn't put you either into sleep or into an alpha-wave meditative state, you have a task to finish.


The species is common in most of its habitat, and males spend enough time at mud puddles to be easily photographed. Ian Fraser includes a puddle party in this photo essay about animals that tend to be attracted to mud, beginning with gorgeous tropical birds:


Male butterflies of many species gather at puddles, often favoring salty or nasty puddles, and sit around in groups, drinking. Jorge J. Restrepos observed closely what male butterflies do at these puddle parties. They really do function as part of the kidneys of our planet. They slurp up salty, sometimes oily, or polluted liquid as fast as they can go and then piddle out relatively clean water. The butterflies actually crave the mineral salts, especially sodium and nitrogen; males crave them more because, during the mating process, males transfer part of their supply of minerals to females, allowing the females to focus on sipping sweeter, higher-calorie nectar. (Males sip nectar, too, and both sexes also drink plain water.) 

Humans don't usually notice butterflies' or moths' odors. Butterflies and moths do; they can smell each other literally half a mile away. When males have ingested enough minerals they may go out looking for females. Female Swallowtails, however, usually emerge from their pupal shells full of eggs and eager to mate and start offloading those eggs, while males usually spend a few days drinking saltwater first. As a result, eager female Swallowtails often gather around the edges of the males' puddle parties ("leks"), checking out males and approaching those who seem about ready to mate. (They may be able to see changes in the males' iridescent blue-green-black spots, and probably also smell changes in their scents, that help them identify males who are and are not ready.) About all butterflies seem to want in a mate is fertility; they don't mate for life, after all. After a few minutes females flit off to the important business of placing eggs, and males go back to their puddles, where they may never be approached again, but they never know.

We note also that, although Restrepos is not a lepidopterist and didn't recognize his sighting as a male butterfly even when the female approached and they mated, he recognized the female as "the same kind." Humans usually recognize female Heraclides astyalus when their wings are black, but male butterflies, having access to scent cues, can recognize the ones whose wings are yellow.


Like the Tiger Swallowtails, this big, bold, thirsty species can be a little too friendly when tourists are dripping with fresh, salty sweat.


Photo from GBIF, which identifies it as having been taken in Brazil in October. "Older" females are more likely to drink salty liquids on their own; younger ones can usually afford to sip only nectar and fresh water, waiting to get their mineral salts from their mates.

There are six subspecies, some better documented than others: H.a. astyalus, anchicayaensisbajaensis, hippomedon, pallas, and phanias. Hippomedon was described as having rounder hind wings and shorter "tails." Phanias has hind wings "more strongly dentate," and averages larger than hippomedon. Pallas also has hind wings "strongly dentate" with the tail sometimes only a little longer than the "teeth" of the scalloped edge. 

Heraclides astyalus anchicayaensis has been named rather recently. Some think it should be counted as a separate species, H. anchicayaensis. Lewis says it looks similar to H. astyalus astyalus but the males' upper wings are missing a spot that astyalus has; the females look alike. If anything anchicayaensis may be slightly larger. The name commemorates the Anchicaya river in Colombia. The last A gets the accent so the Latin name would presumably be an-chi-ca-YAH-ensis...but people pronounce Latin as they choose. The way Julius Caesar said his name, or title, became the words "Kaiser" and "Czar," but Italians now say "Cesare" differently and the English have always thought of old Julius as a bit of a seizer of power...so there we are.


Photo by Indianacristo, September, Colombia. This is the only photo I found for anchicayaensis.

Heraclides astyalus astyalus is the "nominate," perhaps most common, subspecies found across Central and northern South America. The "tails" are sometimes spatulate, widening at the tips, and can show yellow spots on the tips, as if mimicking Heraclides thoas.


Photo from Borboletas do Brasil.


Photo from Wikiborboleta.com, also from Brazil, by Joao Amarildo Ranguetti. 


Photo by Eulogia Lopez, May, Argentina. Do biochemical changes make it easier for this old, damaged male to look "old and gray"?

Some authorities still think pallas and bajaensis should be classified as a separate species, listing bajaensis as a subspecies of pallas. Bajaensis looks, to me, as if it were trying to fit in with other butterflies in the US and Mexico. The name, of course, celebrates Baja California. The males seem to be mimicking Heraclides cresphontes:


Photo by Mayibrago, May, Michoacan.

While the females seem to be part of that group of butterflies that all seem to be imitating Battus philenor:


Photo by Francisco3, August, Mazatlan. She does look a bit like Battus philenor, doesn't she? Apart from being almost twice the size...


"Oh, the bird that ate me was very sick! I think it died! Don't I smell disgusting?" Photo by Marcopolo Amarillas, July, Sinaloa.

Heraclides astyalus hippomedon with its "rounder" wings. Hippomedon was an ancient Greek warlord.


Photo by Will & Gill Carter for ButterfliesOfAmerica.com.


Female with the tail only a little longer than the teeth from Faunayfloradelargentinanativa.blogspot.com.

H.a. pallas is listed as Heraclides pallas pallas at INaturalist. Pallas was a sort of surname or title given to Athena. Poe, in "The Raven," probably had a replica of an ancient image of Athena in mind when he referred to a "pallid bust of Pallas." In some Greek and Roman literature, however, Pallas was a friend of Athena--sometimes described as female, sometimes as male--whom she inadvertently killed while play-fighting with spears. She was said to have added her friend's name to hers as a display of mourning. Some think the meaning of this story was that Pallas was the god or goddess of a rival cult whom the cult of Athena overpowered. Anyway, the butterflies' distinctive features include very short tails. 


Photo by Aztekium, August, Santiago. 


She's already lost one of her tails and she doesn't seem to  miss it. Photo by Eolson, June, Nicaragua.


Photo by Eolson, June, Nicaragua. Note the eye-like spots on the sides of the hump. Someone called a baby bajaensis an "alligator caterpillar." Birds seeing the eye spots and leglike stripes can think it's a baby alligator if they want to.


Photo by Eolson, June, Nicaragua.

H.a. phanias, with hind wings "more strongly dentate" than other subspecies, photographed in Colombia. Phanias, or Phaenias or Phainias, was a Greek writer, a commentator on Aristotle.


Photo by Catalina Tong for Noreste.eu.


Photo by Tommy Andriollo, October, Ecuador. 

For all subspecies of astyalus eggs are little yellow beads laid on citrus tree leaves. These butterflies usually seem to prefer wild species, but will accept tame ones. Again, mixed plantings help prevent population irruptions that can make the species a nuisance.

Caterpillars have been described as similar to Heraclides thoas but "more strongly marmorated." If there are consistent differences among subspecies, they've not been documented. This little one shows no interest in the eggshell beside it...


From GBIF, taken in August in Brazil.


They have osmeteria but don't seem eager to display them. Gasperinbio (October, Brazil) took six photos of this caterpillar, holding and moving the leaf on which it was feeding. The caterpillar held still, pretending to be the dropping of a large sick bird, not putting out its "stink horns."


Jhonatansantos, however, managed to annoy this one. (Also October, also Brazil.)


Some sources also mention that these caterpillars can be yellower than thoas caterpillars, or not. Markings can vary even among litter mates, like these two from Brazil. Caterpillars are large, in proportion to the butterflies they will become, and adhere to the "try to look like droppings from a sick bird" design principle. 


Is this H.a. astyalus caterpillar big enough to convince birds that it's two small animals? Photo by Lindolfo Vieira Souto, of Brazil, for Wikiborboleta.com. Older caterpillars' markings can include two or even more "tiny faces."

Pupae are also compared with those of H. thoas (which is bigger) but have a sharper branchlike projection on top.